Since USB ports exist in a harsh automotive environment, sensitive USB circuits must be protected from a host of real-world hazards, such as electrostatic discharge (ESD) events at the socket and cable fault events, which can expose affected wiring to voltages well beyond their normal operating values. Finally, the port controller supports USB 2.0 high speed data transfer between an attached device and the USB host. Second, the USB power switch acts as a current limiter and switch, sensing and limiting the bus current. First, the USB charging port emulator determines an attached device’s optimal charging current, enabling fast charging via charging port modes such as USB BC 1.2 CDP, DCP, and vendor-proprietary charger emulation profiles. The USB charging port emulator plus power switch IC shown here has three main functions. Overview of an Automotive USB Power Systemįigure 1 shows a block diagram of a typical automotive USB charger system, in which a switching regulator generates 5 V from the battery to power V BUS. This article demonstrates a solution that satisfies the requirements of modern USB charging ports in the automotive environment, including design examples. In addition, small solution size and low electromagnetic emissions are important requirements for meeting the demands of increasingly complex automotive electronics. Other requirements include maintenance of signal integrity for high speed USB data transmission, and USB host protection from hazardous conditions commonly found in the automotive environment. Portable device battery charging-including the ability to support a wide variety of device charger profiles such as USB BC 1.2 charging downstream port (CDP), dedicated charging port (DCP), standard downstream port (SDP), and common proprietary profiles-is only one part of a wide range of demands placed on USB charging ports. To support both power and data capabilities, and to enable adaptability in continuously fast-changing portable device markets, USB charging ports must meet a variety of system requirements with respect to power, data transmission, and robustness in the face of real-world hazardous events. Passengers are increasingly accustomed to connecting their vehicle’s electrical system to both power their smartphones (or other portable devices) and, conversely, use those devices for a variety of vehicle information and entertainment functions. USB charging ports have become an essential part of the modern vehicle infotainment system. Automotive USB 2.0 and a 5 V, Type-C Solution for Charging and Robust Data Line Protection
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